Practice and communicate using Japanese Adjectives
Nominal Duration: 60 hours
LO2: Write using Adjectives in Japanese Language
LO1: Communicate using Japanese Language Language
Japanese Adjectives
Japanese i Adjectives
Japanese na Adjectives
★ Unlike English adjectives, Japanese adjectives need to be conjugated like verbs.
★ い-adjectives and な-adjectives are conjugated differently, so it is important to know which adjectives are い-adjectives and which are な-adjectives.
Past tense of い-adjectives:
★ To make the past tense of い-adjectives just take off the い (i) and add かった (katta). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.
あつい (atsui) hot
⬇
あつかった (atsukatta) was hot
Example Present Tense:
Kyō wa atsui desu ne.
It is hot today.
Example Past Tense:
Kinō wa atsukatta desu ne.
It was hot yesterday.
pattern: (subject) は (adjective) です
Constructing of い adjectives in a sentence
Watashi no kuruma wa ookii desu.
My car is big.
あの車は速いです。
Ano kuruma wa hayai desu.
That car is fast.
Constructing of な adjectives in a sentence
有名な学校です。
Yūmei na gakkō desu.
It is a famous school.
な-Adjective after the noun:
この学校は有名です。
Kono gakkō wa yūmei desu.
This school is famous.
★ To make the negative form of い-adjectives just take off the い (i) and add くない (kunai). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.
さむい (samui) cold
⬇
さむくない (samukunai) not cold
Example Affirmative:
Kyō wa samui desu ne.
It is cold today.
Example Negative:
Kyō wa samukunai desu ne.
It is not cold today.
★ To make the negative past tense of い-adjectives from the negative present tense, just take off い (i) and add かった (katta). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.
楽しくない (tanoshikunai) not fun
⬇
楽しくなかった (tanoshikunakatta) was not fun
Negative Present Example:
Shigoto wa tanoshikunai desu.
My job is not fun.
Negative Past Example:
Pātī wa tanoshikunakatta desu.
The party was not fun.
★ To make the past tense of な-adjectives just change です (desu) to でした (deshita) for formal speech or だ (da) to だった (datta) for casual speech.
大変です (taihen desu) is tough
⬇
大変でした (taihen deshita) was tough
★ Nouns do the same thing as な-adjectives:
先生です (sensei desu) is a teacher
⬇
先生でした (sensei deshita) was a teacher
Present Tense Example:
Shukudai ga takusan atte, taihen desu.
There is a lot of homework so it is tough.
Past Tense Example:
Skukudai ga takusan atte, taihen deshita.
There was a lot of homwork so it was tough.
★ To make the negative form of な-adjectives just add じゃない (ja nai). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.
元気 (genki) energetic
⬇
元気じゃない (genki ja nai) not energetic
★ Nouns do the same thing as な-adjectives:
先生 (sensei) a teacher
⬇
先生じゃない (sensei ja nai) not a teacher
Affirmative Example:
Watashi wa genki desu.
I am energetic.
Negative Example:
Watashi wa genki ja nai desu.
I am not energetic.
★ To make the negative past tense of な-adjectives from the negative present tense just take off the い (i) and add かった (katta) similar to what we did for い-adjectives.
簡単じゃない (kantan ja nai) is not easy
⬇
簡単じゃなかった (kantan ja nakatta) was not easy
★ Nouns do the same thing as な-adjectives:
先生じゃない (sensei ja nai) is not a teacher
⬇
先生じゃなかった (sensei ja nakatta) was not a teacher
Negative Present Example:
Kantan ja nai desu.
It is not easy.
Negative Past Example:
Kantan ja nakatta desu.
It was not easy.
(noun / pronoun) が (adjective) です。
家 (noun / pronoun) が古い (adjective) です。
Ie ga furui desu.
The house is old.
LO2: Write using Adjectives in Japanese Language
