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Practice and communicate using Japanese Adjectives

Nominal Duration: 60 hours

LO1: Communicate using Japanese Language adjectives

LO2: Write using Adjectives in Japanese Language

LO1: Communicate using Japanese Language Language

Japanese Adjectives

Japanese i Adjectives

It is called an い-adjective because it always ends in い (i) before the noun that it is modifying.

Japanese na Adjectives

It is called a な-adjective because it takes な (na) before the noun that it modifies.
About Adjective Conjugations:

★ Unlike English adjectives, Japanese adjectives need to be conjugated like verbs.

★ い-adjectives and な-adjectives are conjugated differently, so it is important to know which adjectives are い-adjectives and which are な-adjectives.

Past tense of い-adjectives:

★ To make the past tense of い-adjectives just take off the い (i) and add かった (katta). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.

あつい (atsui) hot

あつかった (atsukatta) was hot

Example Present Tense:

今日はあついですね。

Kyō wa atsui desu ne.

It is hot today.

Example Past Tense:

昨日はあつかったですね。

Kinō wa atsukatta desu ne.

It was hot yesterday.

pattern: (subject) は (adjective) です

Constructing of い adjectives in a sentence

私の車は大きいです。

Watashi no kuruma wa ookii desu.

My car is big.

あの車は速いです。

Ano kuruma wa hayai desu.

That car is fast.

Constructing of な adjectives in a sentence

な-Adjective before the noun:

有名な学校です。

Yūmei na gakkō desu.

It is a famous school.

な-Adjective after the noun:

この学校は有名です。

Kono gakkō wa yūmei desu.

This school is famous.

Negative form of い-adjectives:

★ To make the negative form of い-adjectives just take off the い (i) and add くない (kunai). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.

さむい (samui) cold

さむくない (samukunai) not cold

Example Affirmative:

今日はさむいですね。

Kyō wa samui desu ne.

It is cold today.

Example Negative:

今日はさむくないですね。

Kyō wa samukunai desu ne.

It is not cold today.

Negative Past tense of い-adjectives:

★ To make the negative past tense of い-adjectives from the negative present tense, just take off い (i) and add かった (katta). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.

楽しくない (tanoshikunai) not fun

楽しくなかった (tanoshikunakatta) was not fun

Negative Present Example:

仕事は楽しくないです。

Shigoto wa tanoshikunai desu.

My job is not fun.

Negative Past Example:

パーティーは楽しくなかったです。

Pātī wa tanoshikunakatta desu.

The party was not fun.

Past Tense of な-adjectives:

★ To make the past tense of な-adjectives just change です (desu) to でした (deshita) for formal speech or だ (da) to だった (datta) for casual speech.

大変です (taihen desu) is tough

大変でした (taihen deshita) was tough

★ Nouns do the same thing as な-adjectives:

先生です (sensei desu) is a teacher

先生でした (sensei deshita) was a teacher

Present Tense Example:

宿題がたくさんあって、大変です。

Shukudai ga takusan atte, taihen desu.

There is a lot of homework so it is tough.

Past Tense Example:

宿題がたくさんあって、大変でした。

Skukudai ga takusan atte, taihen deshita.

There was a lot of homwork so it was tough.

Negative form of な-adjectives:

★ To make the negative form of な-adjectives just add じゃない (ja nai). Add です (desu) to the end in formal speech.

元気 (genki) energetic

元気じゃない (genki ja nai) not energetic

★ Nouns do the same thing as な-adjectives:

先生 (sensei) a teacher

先生じゃない (sensei ja nai) not a teacher

Affirmative Example:

私は元気です。

Watashi wa genki desu.

I am energetic.

Negative Example:

私は元気じゃないです。

Watashi wa genki ja nai desu.

I am not energetic.

Negative Past tense of な-adjectives:

★ To make the negative past tense of な-adjectives from the negative present tense just take off the い (i) and add かった (katta) similar to what we did for い-adjectives.

簡単じゃない (kantan ja nai) is not easy

簡単じゃなかった (kantan ja nakatta) was not easy

★ Nouns do the same thing as な-adjectives:

先生じゃない (sensei ja nai) is not a teacher

先生じゃなかった (sensei ja nakatta) was not a teacher

Negative Present Example:

簡単じゃないです。

Kantan ja nai desu.

It is not easy.

Negative Past Example:

簡単じゃなかったです。

Kantan ja nakatta desu.

It was not easy.

(noun / pronoun) が (adjective) です。

possible to use が (ga) as a link to an adjective. This sentence structure means that the particular noun or pronoun relates to that adjective. This structure is more specific than using は (wa) with an adjective.

家 (noun / pronoun) が古い (adjective) です。

Ie ga furui desu.

The house is old.

LO2: Write using Adjectives in Japanese Language

Japanese Adjectives in writing
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