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COMMUNICATE AND GREET IN JAPANESE LANGUAGE

LO1: Provide a self-introduction and respond with daily greetings.

LO2: Express self through classroom expressions and instruction

LO3: Familiarize self to different Japanese numerical symbols and count using Japanese numbers

LO4: Formulate simple conversation or script using Japanese language

LO1: Provide a self-introduction and respond with daily greetings.

HOW ENGLISH AND JAPANESE ARE SIMILAR

      If you know English, you may already know more Japanese than you think. Thousands of English “loan words” are in everyday use in Japan. Most of these common words have been borrowed with no change in meaning. But the pronunciation has been changed.
This can be tricky. On the one hand, you’re secure with the familiarity of the words while on the other, if you pronounce them as you’re used to doing, you won’t be understood. And you probably won’t understand the words when Japanese use them. What should you do? Try to pronounce them the Japanese way.
Here are some examples of familiar words with somewhat different pronunciations in Japanese:

English

 

Japanese

 

Pronunciation

 

Gasoline gasorin gah-soh-reen
Pocket poketto poh-keht-toh
Pink pinku peen-koo
ballpen borupen boh-roo phen
Supermarket supa soo-paah
Word processor warupo wah-pp-roh
Dress wapisu wahn-pee-soo

JAPANESE PRONUNCIATION

Japanese isn’t difficult to pronounce if you follow a few simple guidelines. Take the time to read this section, and try out each sound on the vowel and consonant charts.

To make it even easier for you, each time a new word is introduced in this book, the pronunciation is also shown.

We start with the vowels. If you have studied Spanish, it may help you to know that Japanese vowels are more like those of Spanish than English.

 

Japanese Vowel

•a
•e
•i
•o
•u

English Equivalent

•as in father
•as in men
•as in see
•as in boat
•as in food

  • akai (ah-kah-ee) red
  • ebi (eh-bee) shrimp
  • imi (ee-mee) meaning
  • otoko (o-to-koh) male
  • uma (oo-mah) horse
  • Japanese Greetings

    The word aisatsu (挨拶) means “greeting” in Japanese, however, it’s more than just “hello.”

    In many western cultures, greetings are saying hello, smiling or a slight nod to people you know. In Japan though, aisatsu is very important and is taught from early childhood. For example, it’s not uncommon for school kids to greet every passing student of a higher grade in a sign of respect. Also important in the workplace, greetings can create a positive working environment and promote communication between coworkers.

    Another interesting thing to note is that handshaking is not as common and bowing is much more prevalent as a custom.

    Because of the importance of greetings in the Japanese culture, it should be one of the first things you learn when learning Japanese, in addition to characters.

    Basic Japanese Greetings and Expressions

    (あいさつ)

     

    おはよう Ohayou Good Morning
    おはよう ございます Ohayou Gozaimasu Good Morning (polite)
    こんにちは Konnichiwa Good Afternoon/hello
    こんばんは Konbanwa Good Evening
    さようなら Sayounara Good-bye
    おやすみ(なさい) Oyasumi (nasai) Good Night
    ありがとう ございます Arigatou Gozaimasu Thank you
    どうもありがとうございます Doumo Arigatou Gozaimasu Thank you very much
    すみません Sumimasen Excuse me/ Sorry
    いってきます Ittekimasu I’ll go and come back
    いってらっしゃい Itterasshai Please go and come back
    ただいま Tadaima I’m home
    おかえり(なさい) Okaeri (nasai) Welcome home
    いただきます Itadakimasu

    Thank you for the meal

    (before eating)

    ごちそうさま でした Gochisousama deshita

    Thank you for the meal

    (after meal)

    どう ですか Dou desu ka How do you do?
    はじめまして Hajimemashite Nice to meet you
    よろしく おねがいします Yoroshiku Onegaishimasu Please be good to me.
    おめでとう ございます Omedetou Gozaimasu Congratulations
    どう いたしまして Dou Itashimashite Your welcome
    おさきに しつれいします Osaki ni shitsureishimasu I’ll be leaving ahead
    しつれいします Shitsureishimasu Excuse me
    おつかれさま でした Otsukaresama deshita Thank you for your hardwork
    きをつけて Ki o tsukete Take care
    ごめん ください Gomen Kudasai Is there anybody in?
    おげんき ですか Ogenki desuka How are you?
    おげんき で Ogenki de Look after yourself
    おだいじ に Odaiji ni Get well soon
    だいじょうぶ です Daijoubu desu No problem
    では また/ じゃまた ja mata See you

     

    LO2: Express self through classroom expressions and instruction

    1 Hai Yes
    2 Iie No
    3 Mada Desu Not yet
    4 Tsugi Next
    5 Moichido Onegaishimasu Please repeat.
    6 Gomennasai I’m sorry
    7 Sumimasen Excuse me (I’m Sorry)
    8 Wakarimasuka Do you understand?
    9 Hai, wakarimashita Yes, I understand
    10 Iie, wakarimasen No, I don’t understand
    11 Owarimasuka Are you finished?
    12 Hai, Owarimashita Yes, I’m finished
    13 Iie, mada Owarimasen No, I’m not finished
    14 Chotto dekakete mo ii desuka Is it alright to go out for a moment?
    15 Hai, dekakete mo ii desu Yes, it’s alright to go out
    16 Iie, dekakete wa ikemasen No, you may not go out

    17

    Wakuban o keshite mo ii desuka

    Is it alright to erase the board?

    18

    Hai,keshite mo ii desu

    Yes, you may erase the board

    19

    Iie,keshite wa ikemasen

    No, you may not erase the board

    20

    Issho ni douzo

    All together please

    21

    Yonde kudasai

    Please read

    22

    Kaite Kudasai

    Please write

    23

    Kiite kudasai

    Please listen

    24

    Oboete Kudasai

    Please remember

    25

    Kotaete kudasai

    Please answer

    26

    Shitsumon ga arimasuka

    Do you have a question

    27

    Koopii o shite kudasai

    Please copy

    28

    Yukkuri hanashite onegaishimasu

    Please speak slowly

    29

    Tatte kudasai

    Please stand

    30

    Suwatte kudasai

    Please take a sit

    31

    Kaette kudasai

    Please go home

    32

    Wasurenai de kudasai

    Please don’t forget

    33

    Shitsurei shimasu

    Excuse me (door)

     

    Basic Japanese Classroom Instructions

    BEFORE CLASS (OFFICE)

    • GAKUSEI:     SHITSUREI SHIMASU.
    •                        (Excuse me)
    •                        HAITTE MO II DESU KA.
    • SENSEI:         HAI DOUZO.
    • LEADER:       KIOTSUKE…REI!
    • GAKUSEI:     OHAYOU  GOZAIMASU/
    •                        KONNICHIWA
    •                        YOROSHIKU ONEGAISHIMASU
    • SENSEI:         YOROSHIKU ONEGAISHIMASU!
    •                        GANBATTE MINNASAN.
    • GAKUSEI:     HAI! GAMBARIMASU!
    •                       SHITSUREI SHIMASU.

     BEFORE CLASS (ROOM)

    • SENSEI:     HAJIMEMASHOU.
    •                    (Let’s start)
    • LEADER:   MINASAN KIRITSU! (Stand up)
    •                    KIOTSUKE! (Attention)  REI!
    • GAKUSEI: OHAYOU GOZAIMASU/
    •                    KONNICHIWA!
    •                    YOROSHIKU ONEGAISHIMASU.
    • LEADER:   CHAKUSEKI (Sit down)
    • GAKUSEI: (SIT DOWN)

    BREAKTIME

     

    • SENSEI:       KYUUKEI SHIMASHOU
    •                       (Let’s take a break)
    • LEADER:     MINASAN….
    •                      KIRITSU!  KIOTSUKE!  REI!
    • GAKUSEI:   DOUMO ARIGATOU
    •                      GOZAIMASHITA

    AFTER BREAKTIME

    • SENSEI:     HAJIMEMASHOU (Let’s start)
    • LEADER:   MINASAN KIRITSU! KIOTSUKE! REI!
    • GAKUSEI: DOUMO ARIGATOU
    •                    GOZAIMASHITA/
    •                    YOROSHIKU ONEGAISHIMASU
    • LEADER:   CHAKUSEKI
    • GAKUSEI: (SIT DOWN)

    AFTER CLASS:

    • SENSEI:     KORE DE OWARIMASHOU.
    •                     (Let’s finish with this)
    • LEADER:    MINASAN KIRITSU!  KIOTSUKE! REI!
    • GAKUSEI:   KYOU MO DOUMO
    •                     ARIGATOU GOZAIMASHITA.
    • SENSEI:      OTSUKARESAMA DESHITA.
    • GAKUSEI:   OTSUKARESAMA DESHITA.
    • SENSEI:      MATA ASHITA/RAISHUU.
    •                     KIOTSUKETE KAETTE KUDASAI.
    • GAKUSEI:  ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU.

     

     

     

    CLASS INTERRUPTIONS

     RESTROOM BREAK

    • GAKUSEI:  SENSEI, SUMIMASEN.
    •                     TOIRE NI ITTE MO II 
    •                     DESU KA?
    • SENSEI:      HAI DOUZO.
    • GAKUSEI:   ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU.

     GOING OUT FOR A WHILE

    • GAKUSEI:  SENSEI, SUMIMASEN.
    •                    CHOTTO DEKAKETE
    •                     MO II DESU KA?
    • SENSEI:      HAI DOUZO.
    • GAKUSEI:  ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU.

    ENTERING A ROOM

    • GAKUSEI:   SHITSUREI SHIMASU.
    •                      HAITTE MO II DESUKA?
    • SENSEI:       HAI DOUZO.
    • GAKUSEI:   ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU.

    UNEXPECTED VISITOR

    •  LEADER:   MINASAN KIRITSU!
    •                     (Stand up)
    •                     KIOTSUKE! (Attention)
    •                     REI!
    • GAKUSEI:  KONNICHIWA!
    •                     YOROSHIKU ONEGAISHIMASU.!
    • VISITOR:    YOROSHIKU ONEGAISHIMASU.
    • LEADER:    CHAKUSEKI.

    GAKUSEI:  (SIT DOWN)

    WHEN LATE

    • GAKUSEI:   SHITSUREISHIMASU.
    •                      OSOKUNATTE
    •                      SUMIMASEN DESHITA.
    •                      HAITTE MO II DESUKA?
    • SENSEI:       HAI DOUZO.
    • GAKUSEI:   ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU.

    AFTER CLASS (OFFICE):

    • LEADER:   SHITSUREISHIMASU…
    •                    HAITTE MO
    •                    II DESUKA?
    • SENSEI:     HAI , DOUZO.
    • LEADER:    KIOTSUKE… REI!
    • GAKUSEI:  KYOU MO, DOUMO
    •                     ARIGATOU
    •                     GOZAIMASHITA.
    • SENSEI:      OTSUKARESAMA DESHITA.
    • GAKUSEI:   OTSUKARESAMA DESHITA.
    • SENSEI:      MATA ASHITA/RAISHUU.
    •                     KIOTSUKETE KAETTE
    •                     KUDASAI.
    • GAKUSEI:  ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU.

     

     

    BASIC JAPANESE CONVERSATION
    LO3: Familiarize self to different Japanese Numerical symbols and count Using Numbers

    JIKAN To KAZU

    Time and Numbers

    The Japanese language is rich in numbers. It uses Japanese numbers and Chinese numbers. And it uses a system of classifiers or “counters” as well. This means that when you count things, you first have to classify them according to what they are, or by their size or shape. For example, to count pencils, bottles, or trees, you use the classifier for long, thin things; to count books or magazines, you use the classifier for bound objects. Later in this lesson you’ll see a chart of some of the most common classifiers.

    KAZU

    From 1 to 10 only, there are two sets of numbers. The set on the right, of Japanese origin, stops at 10. The set on the left, of Chinese origin, continues indefinitely.

     Ichi  Hitsotsu
    2 Ni Futatsu
    3 San Mittsu
    4 Shi/Yon Yottsu
    5 Go Itsutsu
    6 Roku Muttsu
    7 Nana/shichi Nanatsu
    8 Hachi Yattsu
    9 Kyuu/Ku Kononotsu
    10 Juu Tou

     

    11-19

    To form numbers from 11 to 19, start with juu, 10, and then add the number you need from the column on the left.

    11 Juuichi
    12 Juuni
    13 Juusan
    14 Juuyon
    15 Juugo
    16 Juuroku
    17 Juunana
    18 Juuhachi
    19 Juukyuu
    20 Nijuu

    20-100

    The rest is easy. Twenty is two tens, or ni ju, and for 21, just add the 1: ni ju ichi

     

     

    20 (Nijuu) 21 (nijuuchi)
    30 (Sanjuu) 31(Sanjuuichi
    40 (Yonjuu) 41(Yonjuuichi)
    50 (Gojuu) 51(Gojuuichi)
    60 (Rokujuu) 61(Rokujuuichi)
    70 (Nanajuu) 71(Nanajuuichi)
    80 (Hachijuu) 81(Hachijuuichi)
    90 (Kyuujuu) 91(Kyuujuuichi)

    With 100, hyaku, and 1000, sen, the pattern is basically the same, but there are some sound changes.

    100 (Hyaku) 1000(Sen)
    200 (Nihyaku) 2000 (Nisen)
    300 (Sanbyaku) 3000(Sansen)
    400 (Yonhyaku) 4000(Yonsen)
    500 (Gohyaku) 5000(Gosen)
    600(Roppyaku) 6000(Rokusen)
    700 (Nanahyaku) 7000(Nanasen)
    800 (Happyaku) 8000(Hassen)
    900 (Kyuuhyaku) 900(Kyuusen)

    Japanese uses 10,000 as a counting unit. Each unit of 10,000 is called man. So 10,000 is ichi man, 20,000 is ni man. 100,000 is ju man, 200,000 is ni ju man, 1,000,000 is hyaku man (unit of 10,000). This continues until 100,000,000 ichi oku.

    JOSSU

    ORDINAL NUMBERS

        English              Japanese
    First Ichiban me
    Second Niban me
    Third Sanban me
    Fourth Yonban me
    Fifth Goban me
    Sixth Rokuban me
    Seventh Nanaban me
    Eighth Hachiban me
    Nineth Kyuuban me
    Tenth Juuban me

    CHIGATTA SHURUI NO MONO O KAZOERU

    COUNTING DIFFERENT KINDS OF THINGS

    One American is coming.

    Amerikajin ga hitori kimasu.

    American               one     

    One pencil is on the table.

    Enpitsu ga ippon teburu no ue ni arimasu.

    pencil              one

     

    I have one book.

    Hon o issatsu motte imasu.

    book        one

    I’d like one ticket.

    Kippu o ichimai kudasai.

    Ticket    one

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